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托福阅读中存在哪些隐形逻辑词

发布时间:2021-02-03 栏目:阅读 投稿:包容的火车

了解托福阅读中的隐形逻辑词汇对于理清思路是至关重要的,那么下面就由我爱学习网为大家介绍一下托福阅读中存在哪些隐形逻辑词?

1、否定关系

显性否定关系词:

no, not, none, neither, never, deny

隐含的否定义关系词:

fail to, absence from,lack lack of, refuse to, little, few

带以下否定前缀的词:

a- ab-anti- counter-de-dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mal-, mis-, non-, un-

带以下否定后缀的词:

less, -free, -proof

2、因果关系

显性因果关系词:

because, since, for, as, due to, owing to, In that, so(that), therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently...

隐含的因果关系词:(有导致或者促进意味的词)

cause, lead to, make, render, stimulate, spur, spark, push, motivate,prompt, be responsible to...

3、比较关系

显性比较关系词:

compare, compare to

隐含的比较关系词:

自身含有最高级含义的词:maximum, favorite, outstanding, top...

比较级:more…than, -er than, less…than

表示变化的词:change, alter, vary, modify, revise, increase, decrease, enhance, diminish, develop, progress, advance, improve, retreat, degenerate, continue, remain

表示差异的词:different, distinguish, separate ,,surpass, exceed, excel, over

4、条件关系

显性条件关系词:

unless, supposing, suppose, providing / provided (that), in case, as long as7 on condition that...

隐含条件关系词:

时间状语中隐含条件关系表示的是“在…情况下会发生”的情况.

5、并列关系

显性并列关系词:

likewise, in the same way, similarly/similar to, vice versa, also/as well as, not only also ..v both ... and …,neither... nor ,like, equally, or/and...

隐含的并列关系符号:

表示并列的符号:“;”(即分号,往往被忽略的一点)

6、转折关系

显性转折关系词:

but/yet, however, in contrast (to), conversely, though/although, nevertheless, in spite of/despite, on the contrary, even if/even though, instead ,different from/differ from, while...

隐含的转折关系词:

但是有相反的概念出现,如"advantage"和"disadvantage","like"和"hate"等。

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