伦敦国王学院的基本介绍
伦敦国王学院是英国最顶尖的公立大学之一，是英格兰地区第四古兰的大学，目前在QS世界大学排名中排在世界第23位。下面请看我爱学习网为大家整理并翻译的伦敦国王学院基本概况信息。
At a glance
King's College London was founded by King George IV and the Duke of Wellington (then Prime Minister) in 1829 as a university college in the tradition of the Church of England. It now welcomes staff and students of all faiths and beliefs.
King's professors played a major part in nineteenth-century science and in extending higher education to women and working men through evening classes.
The university has grown and developed through mergers with several institutions each with their own distinguished histories. These include:
United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals; Chelsea College; Queen Elizabeth College; Institute of Psychiatry.
伦敦国王学院由乔治四世和威灵顿公爵(当时的首相)于1829年建立。当时按照英国国教传统，为大学学院。如今，伦敦国王学院欢迎各种宗教信仰的员工和学生。
在十九世纪的科学和将高等教育推向妇女和工人的进程中，伦敦国王学院的教授和老师们扮演了主要的角色。妇女和工人接受高等教育是通过晚间课程完成的。
伦敦国王学院通过与好几个机构的合并逐渐得到了成长和发展。这些机构包括盖斯与圣托马斯联合医学与牙医学院、切尔西科学技术学院、伦敦伊丽莎白女王学院和伦敦精神病研究所。
Our history
Timeline
1107-1599
1107 - The Augustinian priory of St Mary Overie establishes an infirmary for pilgrims just south of London Bridge.
1173 - The infirmary takes the name of St Thomas after Thomas Becket's canonisation that year.
1212 - St Thomas' Hospital is destroyed by fire and rebuilt on the east side of Borough High Street.
1247 - Bethlem Hospital is founded in Bishopsgate, as a priory dedicated to St Mary of Bethlehem.
1403 - Bethlem records first show it cared for people with mental illness.
1540 - St Thomas' Hospital is closed during the Reformation.
1553 - St Thomas' Hospital is reinstated by King Edward VI. Initially known as 'the King's Hospital' it soon reverts to the name 'St Thomas' but is now called after St Thomas the Apostle rather than St Thomas Becket, who has been decanonised.
1600-1799
1724 - The building of Guy's Hospital begins with funds given by Thomas Guy, a governor of St Thomas' hospital. Guy is concerned about the fate of the 'incurables' discharged from St Thomas' with nowhere to go.
1726- The first patients are admitted to Guy's Hospital.
1768 - Guy's and St Thomas' hospitals formalise their joint arrangements for teaching medical students as 'The United Hospitals of the Borough'.
1799 - Joseph Fox gives the first formal lectures in dental surgery at Guy's.
1800-1849
1825 - Arrangements for teaching medical students at Guy's and St Thomas' hospitals are separated.
1828 - The first meeting to discuss the foundation of King's College is held in London, chaired by the Duke of Wellington.
1829 - The Duke of Wellington fights a duel with the Earl of Winchilsea in defence of his simultaneous role in the foundation of King's College and his support of the Roman Catholic Relief Act. King George IV signs the royal charter of King's College London.
1831 - Opening of King's College London and its Junior Department, King's College School.
1835 - Associateship of King's College (AKC) is first awarded to King's students.
1836 - Foundation of the University of London.
1839 - Degrees of the University of London are first awarded to King's students.
1839- Establishment of King's College Hospital in Portugal Street, north of the Strand.
1846 - The Theological Department opens at King's.
1850-1899
1855 - Opening of King's first successful Evening Department.
1860 - The school of nursing founded by Florence Nightingale opens at St Thomas' Hospital.
1871 - St Thomas' Hospital moves to its present site in Lambeth to make way for the building of London Bridge railway station. King's holds its first 'extension' lectures for ladies.
1873 - The first students' Union Society is instituted at King's.
1885 - The Ladies' Department of King's opens in Kensington Square.
1888 - Guy's becomes the first general hospital in the country to establish a dental school.
1890 - London (King's College) Day Training College for teacher training opens.
1895 - Opening of the South-Western Polytechnic, later to become Chelsea College which merged with King's in 1985.
1897 - King's College School moves to Wimbledon.
1107-1599
1107——奥古斯丁修道院的圣玛丽奥弗丽于伦敦桥南面为朝圣者修建医院。
1173——托马斯贝克特被追封为圣者，医院以托马斯名字命名。
1212——圣托马斯医院毁于火灾，并于柏罗高街东面重建。
1247——贝特莱姆医院在主教门建立，作为伯利恒圣玛丽修道院。
1403——贝特莱姆记录首次表明医院关心有精神病人。
1540——圣托马斯医院在宗教改革期间关闭。
1553——圣托马斯医院在爱德华四世支持下恢复。最初名为“国王医院”，随后改用“圣托马斯”之名。如今以使徒圣托马斯名字命名而非圣托马斯贝克特，因为后者不再被追封为圣者。
1600-1799
1724——盖斯医院在圣托马斯医院主管人员托马斯盖的资助下开始修建。盖斯医院盖关心离开了圣托马斯却无处可去的“不可救药者”的命运。
1726——盖斯医院接纳第一位病人。
1768——盖斯医院和圣托马斯医院正式达成协议，同意以“联合自治医院”形式教授医学生。
1799——约瑟夫福克斯在盖斯医院做了第一堂正式的口腔外科讲座。
1800-1849
1825——在盖斯医院和圣托马斯医院为医学生授课的安排被取消。
1828——以威灵顿公爵为首的第一次商讨建立国王学院的会议在伦敦召开。
1929——威灵顿公爵同温切尔西伯爵决斗，捍卫自己的同步角色，即支持国王学院的建立的同时支持罗马天主教“宽松法案”。乔治四世签署伦敦国王学院皇家特许。
1836——伦敦大学建立。
1839——伦敦大学学位首次颁发给伦敦国王学院学生。同年，伦敦国王学院医院在斯特兰德北部葡萄牙街建立。
1850-1899
1860——弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔创建的护理学院在圣托马斯医院开放。
1871——圣托马斯医院搬到它目前在地址兰贝斯，让给伦敦桥火车站。伦敦国王学院为女士开了第一个“扩展”讲座。
1895——西南理工学校即后来于1895同伦敦国王学院合并的切尔西学院开放。
1900-1949
1901 - The Royal Dental Hospital of London and its School of Dental Surgery, later to merge with UMDS, gain their 'Royal' title.
1902 - King's College Ladies' Department becomes King's College Women's Department.
1903 - All remaining religious tests for academic staff and compulsory attendance at chapel for students are removed at King's.
1910 - King's College Women's Department becomes King's College for Women.
1913 - The new King's College Hospital opens at Denmark Hill.
1915 - The Arts and Sciences Departments of King's College for Women are moved to the Strand. The Household and Social Science Department opens at Campden Hill, Kensington.
1923 - King's Dental School is established as part of the Medical School at Denmark Hill. The Maudsley Hospital opens as a London County Council hospital for the early treatment of acute mental illness.
1928 - The Household & Social Science Department of King's becomes King's College for Household & Social Science.
1948 - On the foundation of the National Health Service, the medical schools of Guys', King's and St Thomas' become independent of the hospitals. The Maudsley's medical school is renamed the Institute of Psychiatry.
1950-2004
1953 - The Household & Social Science Department of King's is renamed Queen Elizabeth College.
1971 - Chelsea College of Science and Technology joins the University of London and is renamed Chelsea College.
1983 - The Royal Dental Hospital of London School of Dental Surgery merges with Guy's Dental School and the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals (UMDS) are formed. King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry (re)unites with King's College London.
1985 - Queen Elizabeth College and Chelsea College merge with King's.
1997 - The Institute of Psychiatry merges with King's.
1998 - UMDS merges with King's. The King's Department of Nursing Studies and the Nightingale Institute of Nursing merge to form the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing & Midwifery within King's College London.
2001 - The Chancery Lane Library, converted from the former Public Records Office building, opens. It is renamed the Maughan Library in 2002.
2004 - The university celebrates its 175th anniversary with a programme of special events.
1900-1949
1901——皇家伦敦牙医学院及其口腔外科学院奖(后同 UMDS合并)获得皇家头衔。
1903——所有余下的在小教堂进行的针对专业人员实施的宗教测试和强制出席在伦敦国王学院被移除。
1915——国王学院妇女艺术与科学系搬到斯特兰德。家庭与社会科学系在肯辛顿坎普顿山开放。
1923——国王学院牙科系作为医学院一部分在丹麦山建成。莫兹利医院作为伦敦郡委员会医院开放，负责精神病早期治疗。
1928——家庭与社会科学系成为国王学院家庭与社会科学学院。
1948——在国民卫生服务的基础上，盖斯医院、国王医院和圣托马斯医院从医院中独立出来。莫兹利医学院重新以精神病研究生名字命名。
1950-2004
1953——国王学院家庭与社会科学系重命名为伊丽莎白女王学院。
1971——切尔西科学与技术学院加入伦敦大学，重命名为切尔西学院。
1983——皇家伦敦牙科医院口腔外科系并入盖斯牙科学院，盖斯与圣托马斯联合医学与牙医学院形成。国王学院医学院和牙科学院同伦敦国王学院联合。
1998——UMDS并入伦敦国王学院。国王学院护理研究系和奈廷格尔研究所合并，形成伦敦国王学院内的弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔护理与助产学院。
2001——大法官法庭莱恩图书馆改自公共档案馆，在这时开放。2002年更名为莫恩图书馆。
2004——175周年庆祝。
Faculty of Arts & Humanities
We are one of the UK's most prestigious arts and humanities faculties based in the heart of London with close links with renowned cultural institutions including the British Museum, Shakespeare's Globe and the National Portrait Gallery.
We are one of the most diverse faculties in terms of subject range in the University of London and are therefore able to offer undergraduate degrees, postgraduate masters and research opportunities in all aspects of human culture and history, from ancient languages and history to contemporary film studies.
Many of our departments are ranked in the top 10 in the country including Film Studies (6th), Classics (10th) and History (10th) according to the Guardian University Guide
99% of research in the Faculty has been judged as having an outstanding (4*) and very significant impact (3*) and many departments in the Faculty were rated in the top 10 nationally for both the power and quality of their research (REF, 2014)
Interdisciplinarity is central to what we do, whether through holding collaborative public events (such as our annual Arts & Humanities Festival), joint teaching with other departments in the College or combining research expertise to focus our work on new areas.
Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine
King’s Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine is one of the largest and most successful centres for research and education in the UK.
Our research is strategically aligned to King's Health Partners with Clinical Academic Groups bringing together academics and clinicians who are committed to ensuring faster translation and adoption of research innovation into clinical practice.
Our two schools of Education; School of Bioscience Education and GKT School of Medical Education deliver a comprehensive education and training portfolio, including undergraduate health professions programmes (Medicine, Nutrition & Dietetics, Pharmacy and Physiotherapy) and a suite of related BSc programmes in Biomedical Sciences.
91.8 percent of the Faculty's REF 2014 submission was rated 4 star or 3 star.
We have been ranked:
7th in the world for Pharmacy & Pharmacology - QS World University Ranking by Subject 2017
16th in the world for Clinical, Pre-Clinical and Health - Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2016-17
16th in the world and 3rd in the UK for Medicine - QS World University Ranking by Subject 2017
艺术与人文学院
我们是英国有富有名声的艺术与人文学院之一，位于伦敦市中心，同一些著名的文化机构有密切的联系，包括大英博物馆、莎士比亚环球剧场和国家肖像美术馆。
我们是伦敦大学旗下在学科方面最多样化的学院之一，因此能够提供涵盖人类文化和历史所有方面的本科生学位、研究生学位和研究机会，从古代语言和历史到当代电影，我们都研究。
根据《卫报大学指南》，我们的许多学系均在英国排名前十，比如电影研究(第六)古典学(第十)和历史学(第十)。
根据2014年《研究优秀框架》，本学院99%的研究被评为已经具备“突出” (4*)和“非常重大” (3*) 影响力，并且本学院的许多系在影响力和质量方面均被评为英国前十。
跨学科是我们重点在做的，无论是通过举办合作性的公共活动(比如每年一度的艺术人文节)、同学院其他系的联合教学，还是通过综合研究知识到新的领域。
生命科学与医学学院
伦敦国王学院生命科学与医学学院是英国规模最大、最成功的科研教育中心之一。
我们的研究在战略上同国王学院的卫生合作伙伴结盟，成立临床学术集团，进而汇集学术人员和临床医生，让他们致力于将研究创新更快地转译和运用到临床实践中。
本学院的两个系分别是生物科学教育系和GKT医学教育系。这两个系提供全面的教育和培训，包括本科健康职业课程(医学、营养学/饮食学、药理学和物理疗法)和一系列相关的生物医学科学理学士课程。
在2014年《研究优秀框架》中，本学院91.8%的研究被评为四星或三星。
我们的以下专业在世界排名顶尖：
药学和药理学：2017QS世界大学专业排名第七。
临床、前临床和卫生：2016-17泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名第十六。
医学：2017QS世界大学专业排名世界第十六，英国第三。
Faculty of Social Science & Public Policy
World societies and economies are transforming. It's our job to understand that change, and to make a positive contribution to human welfare, security and sustainability. We make impacts by giving our students the confidence and skills to embrace and shape change, and through our connected and engaged research.
We are home to one of the largest UK university communities for social research and education. We have world-leading expertise across the social sciences: from political economy to security studies; from international development and geography to global health, education and communication. We want our knowledge to matter in the world and believe this can be achieved by collaboration on real-world problems, combining insights and methods from across the disciplines. Our students are central to our academic enterprise.
Our global institutes for China, India, Brazil and Russia and departments of European & International and Middle Eastern studies offer specialist expertise about important and dynamic regions of the world. The Policy Institute at King’s connects and informs policy across government and business.
We take an international approach to advancing social science scholarship. Our teaching and research community includes politicians, business leaders, policy-makers, activists and teachers in London, the UK, Europe and internationally, while our students come from about 130 countries.
社会科学与公共政策学院
国际社会和经济在转型。理解这种改变，并为人类福利、安全和可持续发展做出积极贡献是我们的本分。我们的影响力在于通过我们关联的和参与性的研究，让学生获得自信和技能，有勇气拥抱改变，并塑造改变。
社会科学与公共政策学院在社会研究和教育领域是英国最大的大学社区之一。我们有社会科学各个方面的世界顶尖专业知识，从政治经济到安全研究，从国际发展和地理学到全球卫生、教育和通讯，我们都涉及。我们想让我们的知识影响世界，我们相信通过在现实世界面临的问题上的合作，结合来自各个学科的洞见和方法，我们能做到这一点。我们对学生对我们的学术创新及其重要。
我们在中国、印度、巴西和俄罗斯的全球机构以及我们的欧洲/国际语中东研究部门为我们提供关于世界上重要的充满活力的地区的专业知识。国王学院的政策研究所联系并在政府和商界中间提供政策信息。
Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences
We are an innovative, vibrant faculty based in the heart of London with a long tradition of world-leading research and teaching in physics, mathematics, chemistry, computer science and engineering.
Our internationally-renowned scientists are working across traditional subject boundaries, leading cutting-edge research, tackling global challenges and answering fundamental questions about our universe.
For students, we offer a wide-ranging portfolio of undergraduate, MSc and PhD programmes. Studying with us enables you to work with, and learn from, world-leading academics while benefiting from an open door policy and a wealth of support.
With 2,300 undergraduate and postgraduate students and 180 academic staff, our ambition is to inspire, educate and innovate - fostering the next generation of scientists and future leaders. We count Nobel Laureates among our distinguished former staff and students, and we are committed to promoting the careers of women working in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery
We develop leading-edge nurses and midwives of tomorrow – practitioners, partners, and leaders in their field. The Faculty is ranked as the number one faculty for nursing in the UK and number three in the world (2016/17 QS World University Rankings).
We have 200 staff and nearly 3,000 students, and are spread across four departments: Child & Family Health; Midwifery; Adult Nursing; Mental Health Nursing. We also have a strong postgraduate research programme, with activities that meets the needs of a wide range of healthcare professionals seeking continuing professional development. We are at the forefront of health services, policy and evaluation research.
Located in the heart of London on the south bank of the River Thames, our programmes meet the needs of individuals seeking to become nurses, midwives or to continue professional development after registration.
The Faculty is one of nine within King's College London, one of the top 25 universities in the world (QS World University Rankings 2016/17) and a prestigious Russell Group University. King's is also the fourth oldest university in England.
自然与数学科学学院
自然与数学科学学院位于伦敦市中心，是一个具有创新和活力的学院。长久以来，学院在物理学、数学、化学、计算机科学和工程领域的研究和教学世界顶尖。
这里有国际著名的科学家，从事跨传统学科边界的工作和高端前沿研究，解决一些全球性的问题，努力为大学相关的一些基本问题提供答案。
对于学生，我们为他们提供众多领域的本科生课程、理学硕士课程和博士课程。在这里学习，你将机会同世界顶尖的学术人员工作，向他们学习，同时从“开门政策”和大量的机会中受益。
这里有2300名本科生和研究生，有180名专业人员。我们的目标是启发、教育和创新——培养下一代科学家和未来领袖。在我们杰出的以前的员工和学生中间，诞生了许多诺贝尔奖得主。我们致力于改善在科学、技术、工程和数学领域从事工作的女性的待遇。
护理学与助产学学院
本学院培养高端的未来的护士和助产士，培养各自领域的从业者、合伙人和领袖。护理学与助产学学院在2016/17QS世界大学排名中在英国排名第一，在世界排名第三。
本学院有200名员工，将近3000名学生，分布在四个系，分别是儿童与家庭健康系、助产系、成人护理系和精神健康护理系。此外，我们在研究生阶段有强有力的研究型课程，有各种活动，满足满足各类有意向继续职业发展的护理人员的需求。我们在卫生服务、政策和评估研究领域走在前沿。
本学院位于伦敦市中心、泰晤士河南岸。学院的课程足以满足有意向成为护士、助产士或有意注册继续职业深造的个人的需求。
护理学与助产学学院是伦敦国王学院内九大学院之一，而伦敦国王学院则是世界排名前25顶尖的一所大学(2016/17QS世界大学排名)，同时也是著名的罗素集团大学成员。不仅如此，伦敦国王学院还是英格兰第四古老的大学。
King's Nobel laureates
Twelve people who have worked or studied at King's and its constituent institutions have been awarded the Nobel Prize.
1917
Charles Barkla (1877-1944), awarded the Nobel Prize for researches into X-rays and other emissions in 1917.
Professor of Physics at King's 1909-13.
1928
Sir Owen Richardson (1879-1959) was awarded the Nobel Prize for pioneering the study of 'thermionics' in 1928.
Professor of Physics at Kings from 1914-24.
1929
Professor Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins (1861-1947), was awarded the Nobel Prize for research on vitamins and beriberi in 1929.
Taught physiology and toxicology at Guy's Hospital from 1894-8.
1932
Professor Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (1857-1952), was awarded the Nobel Prize for research on the nervous system in 1932.
Lectured in Systematic Physiology at St Thomas' Hospital 1887-91.
1947
Sir Edward Appleton (1892-1965), was awarded the Nobel Prize for exploration of the ionosophere in 1947.
Wheatstone Professor of Physics at King's from 1924-36.
1951
Dr Max Theiler (1899-1972) was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for developing a vaccine for yellow fever in 1951.
Studied at St. Thomas' Hospital and also worked on the causes and immunology of Weil's disease, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and poliomyelitis.
1962
Maurice Wilkins (1916-2004) was awarded the Nobel prize for the discovery of the structure of DNA in 1962.
Latterly Emeritus Professor of Biophysics at King's.
1984
The Most Reverend Desmond Tutu (b 1931) was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1984 in recognition of his work as Secretary-General of the South African Council of Churches.
One of King's most respected alumni and visiting professor in Post-conflict Societies at the university in 2004. Archbishop of Cape Town from 1986-96 and Chairman of the South African Peace and Reconciliation Commission.
1988
Sir James Black (1924-2010) was awarded the Nobel Prize for the development of beta-blocker and anti-ulcer drugs in 1988.
Latterly Emeritus Professor of Analytical Pharmacology at King's.
2010
Mario Vargas Llosa was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2010.
Lecturer in Spanish American Literature in the Department of Spanish & Spanish-American Studies at King's in 1969-70, before he became a full-time writer. He became a Fellow of King's in 2005.
2013
Professor Peter Higgs was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2013.
Professor Peter Higgs came to King's as an undergraduate in 1947 to read natural sciences in the field of physics. After graduating with a first-class BSc in 1950 he took an MSc in physics in 1952 and was awarded his PhD in 1954.
Among the many honours and awards Professor Higgs has received are the Fellowship of King's in 1998 and the university's Honorary Doctorate of Science in 2009.
——诺贝尔奖得主
1917
Charles Barkla(1877-1944)，因在X射线和其他辐射方面的研究获得1917年诺贝尔奖。1909-1913年间担任伦敦国王血压怒物理学教授。
1928
Sir Owen Richardson (1879-1959) ，因在热离子学方面的开创性研究获得1928年诺贝尔奖。1914-1924年间担任伦敦国王学院教授。
1929
Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins (1861-1947), 因在维生素和脚气病方面的研究获得1929年诺贝尔奖。1894-1898年间在盖斯医院教生理学和毒理学。
1932
Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (1857-1952), 因在神经系统方面的研究获得1932年诺贝尔奖。1887-1891年间在圣托马斯医院教授系统生理学。
1947
Sir Edward Appleton (1892-1965), 因发现了电离层获得1947年诺贝尔奖。1924-1936年间在伦敦国王学院担任物理学教授。
1951
Dr Max Theiler (1899-1972)，因发明了黄热病疫苗获得1951年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。曾在圣托马斯医学学习，同时研究威尔氏病、登革热、日本脑炎和脊髓灰质炎的病因和免疫。
1962
Maurice Wilkins (1916-2004) ，因发现DNA结构获得1962年诺贝尔奖。后来成为伦敦国王学院名誉教授。
1984
The Most Reverend Desmond Tutu (b 1931)，因在南非议会教堂总干事职位上的表现获得1984年诺贝尔和平奖。伦多国王学院最受敬重的校友之一，2004年担任伦敦大学后冲突协会客座教授。1986-96 年担任开普敦大主教。南非和平与和解委员会主席。
1988
Sir James Black (1924-2010) ，因在β受体阻滞剂抗溃疡药物方面的贡献获得1988年诺贝尔奖。后来成为伦敦国王学院分析药理学名誉教授。
2010
Mario Vargas Llosa ，2010年诺贝尔文学奖得主。1969-70年在伦敦国王学院西班牙与西班牙美国研究系担任西班牙美国文学讲师，之后成为全职作家。2005年成为伦敦国王学院研究员。
2013
Peter Higgs，2013年诺贝尔物理学奖得主。1947年入读伦敦国王学院本科，学习物理学。1950年毕业活一级理学士学位，1952年获物理学硕士学位，1954获博士学位。
在Peter Higgs所获的诸多荣誉和奖励中，伦敦国王学院研究员职位是在1998年获得的，荣誉理学博士学位是在2009年获得的。
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