日本东北大学基本概况
日本的东北大学于1907年建立，虽然建立的时间不长，但是在近几年的国际排名中都排在前100内，可见实力不一般，跟着我爱学习网一起来了解下日本东北大学基本概况吧，欢迎阅读。
In 1911, Vice Minister of Education Masataro Sawayanagi, moved to Sendai to become Tohoku University’s first president. Sawayanagi firmly believed that academic research should be integrated with education. He also believed that a university should not discriminate based on class or gender.Following this principle, Tohoku University accepted graduates from technical and higher normal schools, and despite opposition from the government at that time, became Japan’s first university to admit female students in 1913.The Top Global University Project is run by the Japanese government. It aims to prepare more graduates of the country's academic institutions for positions of global leadership.It has its roots in Global 30, a 2009 initiative by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) to attract international students to Japanese universities. Thirteen participating institutions at that time - including Tohoku University - offered undergraduate programmes in English to appeal to non-Japanese students.The Top Global Universities program, which replaced Global 30 in 2014, is part of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's plans to see more of Japan's universities ranked among the world's top 100. To that end, a budget has been set aside over the next 10 years to fund the hiring of new faculty who can bring foreign expertise, as well as financial support for international student mobility.Within the framework, Tohoku University has been selected to receive funding as a type A tier "Top Global University." The category provides support for new curricula and world-class, innovative ideas for university reforms, with the goal of achieving a more globalised environment on campuses across the country.
In recognising Tohoku University's on-going globalisation efforts, Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), selected the university to be part of its "Top Global University Project" in 2014.Under this new project, Tohoku University is able to accelerate initiatives it started in 2009 with the "Global 30 Project," to create a new, more sophisticated, global education system.Called the "Global Initiative," Tohoku University's plan is two-fold - to consolidate the best research abilities onto its five campuses and to affect national reforms in education.Through the International Joint Graduate Programme, the university will continue to form strong partnerships with overseas universities, with the aim of ranking among the world's top 10 in the fields of Spintronics, Materials Science, Cosmological Physics and Earth Science.The university will also push for developments and collaborations in the new disciplines of Data Science, Life Science and Disaster Reduction/Safety Science.
1911年，教育部副部长Masataro Sawayanagi迁往仙台成为东北大学的第一任校长。Sawayanagi坚信，学术研究应与教育相结合。他还认为，一所大学不应该根据阶级或性别进行歧视。按照这个原则，东北大学接受了技术和高等学校的毕业生，尽管当时政府的反对，成为日本第一所在1913年接纳女学生的大学。世界顶尖大学项目由日本政府管理。其目的是为全国领导职位准备更多的国家学术机构毕业生。东北大学成为全球30强源于2009年度由教育、文化、体育、科技部提出的一项倡议：吸引国际学生到日本大学。当时有13个参与机构 -，其中就包括东北大学负责提供本科英语课程，来吸引非日本学生。顶尖的全球大学计划在2014年取代了全球30强的计划，该计划是首相安倍晋三计划看到更多的日本大学排名世界前100名的一部分。为此，预计在未来十年内被搁置资助聘请能够带来国外专业知识的新教师，以及为国际学生流动提供财政支持。在该框架内，东北大学被选为A级“全球顶级大学”资助。该类别为新课程和世界级的大学改革创新思想提供支持，目标是在全国各地的校园实现更全球化的环境。
东北大学的“全球倡议”是什么?日本教育、文化、体育、科技部(MEXT)在承认东北大学正在进行的全球化工作中，选择了该大学，成为2014年“全球大学计划”的一部分。在这个新项目下，东北大学能够通过“全球30个项目”加快2009年开始的举措，创造出一个新的，更加成熟的全球教育体系。被称为“全球倡议”，东北大学的计划是双重的，将最好的研究能力巩固到五个校区，影响国家教育改革。通过国际联合研究生课程，大学将继续与海外大学建立强大的合作伙伴关系，目标是在自旋电子学，材料科学，宇宙物理学和地球科学等领域排名世界十强之列。大学还将推动数据科学，生命科学和减灾安全科学新学科的发展和合作。
二、历史沿革
A University Built on Castle Grounds
The ancient castle grounds of Sendai's famous feudal war lord Masamune Date, are home to the majority of Tohoku University's facilities. In addition to the five main campuses is the new Aobayama campus on Aobayama mountain surrounded by beautiful fir forests native to the region's hilly terrain.The primeval forest served as a natural fortress for Sendai castle, which was built in 1602. It was protected under the strict supervision of the Sendai clan. This protection continued under the auspices of the national military following the Meiji Restoration in 1868. When World War 2 ended in 1945, the area was home to a military base of the occupation forces. It remained off limits to civilians for many years.The Tohoku University Botanical Gardens, was founded for research and education on Aobayama mountain, in 1958. Due to its preservation for 400 years it is now home to flora and fauna of priceless academic value. In 1972, the garden was designated a natural monument, a first for a national university botanical garden. It is one of only three national university botanical gardens in Japan.Today, Aobayama's 400 year history of natural beauty endures next door to the thriving metropolis of Sendai city, home to more than one million people.
A Global Vision 400 Years Ago
Tohoku University's global origins lie in the very soil in which the university was seeded. Because Tohoku lies outside Tokyo's central corridor, the region has often bypassed the capital and conducted world affairs on its own. This tradition dates back nearly 400 years. In 1613, the head of the Sendai Clan, Masamune Date sent a diplomatic envoy headed by Tsunenaga Hasekura to Spain and the Vatican. They returned with agreements for direct trade with Mexico and the dispatch of Christian missionaries from the Pope.Like Masamune, Tohoku University continues to reach out to the world in the pursuit of truth. As of 2015, Tohoku University comprised a global network of over 300 overseas universities and research centers.
A Gathering of Great Minds
In preparation for the establishment of the third imperial university, the Ministry of Education entrusted Hantaro Nagaoka, the top scientist at the time, with the task of selecting the first professorial staff. Nagaoka chose so many talented and creative individuals from around the country that it was rumoured that the center of Japan's physics and mathematics research had shifted to Sendai.In the autumn of 1907, the Ministry of Education sent eight of those professors, among them Kotaro Honda, Riko Majima, Matsusaburo Fujiwara and Shirota Kusakabe, to Europe to study. Spending most of their time in Germany and England, they held many discussions about the new university and acquired books and equipment. Upon their return to Japan, these men played a critical role in the development of Tohoku Imperial University. Continuously presenting new research, they earned global acclaim. This was the origin of the university's culture of pursuing knowledge at the world's leading edge.
Innovative Policies from a First President
In 1888, Masataro Sawayanagi joined the Meiji Government's ministry of Education. he took the initiative to reform Japan's public education system. In 1907, as Vice Minister of Education, Sawayanagi was involved in the founding of Tohoku Imperial University. In 1911, he moved to Sendai to become the university's first president.Sawayanagi strongly believed that students should be given the skills and knowledge to find work that that would make a positive contribution to society. At the time, these ideas were considered highly innovative. Following Sawayanagi's lead, Tohoku University adopted the principles of 'Open Doors', 'Research First', and 'Practice Oriented Research and Education' .Sawayanagi believed that rather than merely offering elitist specialized education, the university's main purpose to educate, should not see them discriminate based on class or gender. This 'Open Door' policy laid the foundation for the acceptance of students from technical high schools in 1911, and the first females at a Japanese university in 1913.The 'Research First' principle called upon scholars to not only pursue highly productive research but to also put their findings to work in the teaching of their students. In addition to this, Tohoku University has nurtured a tradition of "Practice Oriented Research and Education," in which the results of cutting edge research are being put to use for the good of society and the improvement of living standards.These principles remain very much intact today as we strive to become one the world's great research universities.
1.建在城堡的大学
仙台著名的封建战争之王Masamune Date的古城堡场是东北大学大部分设施的所在地。除了五个主要校园之外，还有一个位于青山山区的新的雅山山校区，周围是美丽的冷杉森林，原产于该地区的丘陵地带。原始森林作为仙台城堡的天然堡垒，建于1602年，受到仙台氏族严格监督的保护。这一保护在1868年的明治复兴后继续在国家军事的支持下进行。当二战在1945年结束时，该地区是占领军军事基地的所在地。它对平民多年来仍然是极限。东北大学植物园于1958年在阿山山建立了研究和教育工作。由于其保存了400年，现在是无价值学术价值的动植物物种。1972年，花园被指定为一个天然纪念碑，是国家大学植物园的第一个。它是日本三大国家大学植物园之一。如今，Aobayama的400年历史的自然美景在仙台市繁华的大都市旁边拥有一百多万人的家园。
2.全球视野400年前景
东北大学的全球起源在于大学播种的土壤。因为东北位于东京的中央走廊之外，该地区经常绕过首都，自己进行世界事务。这种传统可追溯到近400年。在1613年，仙台氏族的司马善日期派遣由Tsunenaga Hasekura领导的西班牙和梵蒂冈的外交特使。他们与墨西哥直接交易达成协议，并派出教皇的基督教传教士。像Masamune一样，东北大学继续向世界追求真理。截至2015年，东北大学成立了300多个海外大学和研究中心的全球网络。
3.聚精会神
为准备建立第三所皇家大学，教育部委托当时最杰出科学家长冈太郎，选择第一名教授人员。长冈选择了来自全国各地的这么多有才华和有创意的人物，据传日本的物理和数学研究的中心已经转移到仙台。1907年秋天，教育部派出了八名教授，其中包括本田、日本精神分子、藤原松二郎以及西罗一他等，到欧洲学习。他们大部分时间在德国和英国度过，他们就新大学进行了许多讨论，收购了书籍和设备。返回日本后，这些人在东北大学的发展中发挥了关键作用。不断提出新的研究成果，赢得了全球的好评。这是大学在世界前沿追求知识文化的起源。
4.第一任校长的创新政策
1888年，Masataro Sawayanagi加入了明治政府的教育部。他主动改革日本的公共教育体系。1907年，作为教育部副部长，Sawayanagi参与了东北帝国大学的成立。1911年，他搬到仙台成为大学的第一任校长。Sawayanagi坚信，学生应该有技能和知识，找到能够为社会做出积极贡献的工作。当时，这些想法被认为是高度创新的。在Sawayanagi的领导下，东北大学通过了“开放门”，“研究第一”和“实践导向型研究与教育”的原则。Sawayanagi认为，大学教育的主要目的不仅仅是提供精英专业教育，而应该根据阶级或性别来看待他们的歧视。这个“开门”政策为1911年技术高中学生的接受和1913年日本大学的第一批女性奠定了基础。
“研究第一”原则要求学者不仅要追求高效的研究，而且要把他们的研究结果发挥到学生的教学中。除此之外，东北大学培养了“实践导向型研究与教育”的传统，其中前沿研究成果正在为社会的利益而提高生活水平。这些原则在今天仍然非常完整，因为我们努力成为世界上伟大的研究型大学之一。
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