2019年英语六级考试翻译练习题(5)
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2019年英语六级考试翻译练习题：水
人类之间为了钻石而相互残杀;国家之间为了石油而发动战争。但如果没有水，这世界上最珍贵的东西将一文不值。淡水是维持生命的必需品，无可替代。水，尽管几乎无法估价，却是世界上最贵重的东西。自然规律决定了水的供给是有限的。但随着世界人口的增加和生活水平的提高，人类对水的需求量增加的趋势是不可避免的。家庭、工厂和办公场所正在消耗越来越多的水，但是这个星球对于食物(和生产庄家和肉类过程中使用的水)日益增长的需求才是最忧心的问题。
参考译文：
People kill each other over diamonds; countries go to war over oil. But the world’s most expensive commodities are worth nothing in the absence of water. Fresh water is essential for life, with no substitute. Although mostly unpriced, it is the most valuable stuff in the world. Nature has decreed that the supply of water is fixed. Meanwhile demand rises inexorably as the world’s population increases and enriches itself. Homes, factories and offices are sucking up ever more. But it is the planet’s growing need for food (and the water involved in producing crops and meat) that matters most.
2019年英语六级考试翻译练习题：污染
污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种兵贵神速。
要想长期解决污染问题就需要教育公众多使用公共交通，多用公共资金来建设并运营高效的系统。
但是,只要措施得当，这些问题还是会很好地解决的。
参考译文：
Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives.2) Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. 3) Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life.4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air water and land.5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.7) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage.
Long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on educating the public to use public transport more, and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.
However, these issues can be addressed strategically within the proper policy adopted.
2019年英语六级考试翻译练习题：物权法
中国通过了第一部物权法，下令对北京的几百座四合院进行保护。然而，批评家们指出，所谓“保存”常常只是拆掉老房子，然后依照传统样式盖一座新的来代替。马岩松曾经说过：“现在的做法就是在假造古董，这不好。胡同吸引了很多旅游者，但这里贫困的老住户要么就像主题公园里的演员，要么就被踢出去，以便富人们可以购买这些房子。老北京的精神正在消亡。”
参考译文：
China has passed the first property law, ordering to protect Beijing’s hundreds of courtyards. But critics say, so-called “conservation” just means knocking down an old building and replacing it with a structure in a traditional style. For this, Ma Yansong’s opinion is “The way is just to build fake antiques, it is not nice. These hutongs attract many tourists. The poor, old residents are either like actors in a theme park or they are kicked out so that the rich can buy these houses. The spirits of old Beijing are now dying away.”
2019年英语六级考试翻译练习题：中国玉
中国人对玉(jade) —向有着特殊的尊爱之情，从而延伸发展出一种优秀而古老的玉石文化。作为配饰供人赏玩是玉器的原始功能之一，也是玉器最广泛的一种用途。玉器作为一种文物，它也是历史的见证，有着不可复制的唯一性，更为当今世人所器重。玉器从一种美化生活的装饰品，到简单的生产工具，然后被融入各种礼节(ritual)内容，被人格化、道德化，继而被看成是财富的象征、宗教图 腾(totem)的崇拜……这些无不反映出中国传统文化和中华民族爱玉的心理。
参考译文：
Chinese people always show special respect and love for jade, thus deriving and excellent and ancient jade culture. Being used for decoration and admiration is one of the original functions of jade, and is also the most widely used one. As a cultural relic，jade is also the witness of history，the uniqueness of which cannot be copied,making it valued more by people around the world today. From ornaments that beautify our life，to simple instrument of production, and then being integrated into a variety of rituals, jade has been personified, moralized and further regarded as a symbol of wealth and worship for religious totems…All of these reflect Chinese traditional culture and Chinese people s love for jade.
解析
1.延伸发展出:即“衍生出”，翻译时可以使用derive—词来表达。
2.配饰供人赏玩:“配饰”可译为decoration, “赏玩”可译为admiration。
3.历史的见证:可译为the witness of history。
4.美化生活的装饰品:可译为ornaments that beautify our life。
5.融入:可译为integrate into或blend into。
6.被人格化、道德化:可译为be personified and moralized。
7.宗教图腾的崇拜:可译为worship for religious totems。
8.反映出:可译为reflect,或者使用mirror—词来表达。
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